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>Video for Linux Two API Specification: Revision 0.24</TH
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>Chapter 2. Image Formats</TD
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>2.5. YUV Formats</A
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>Table of Contents</B
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>Packed YUV formats</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;Packed YUV formats</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="r4185.htm"
>V4L2_PIX_FMT_GREY ('GREY')</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;Grey-scale image</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="r4246.htm"
>V4L2_PIX_FMT_Y16 ('Y16 ')</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;Grey-scale image</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="r4339.htm"
>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUYV ('YUYV')</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;Packed format with &frac12; horizontal chroma
resolution, also known as YUV 4:2:2</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="r4484.htm"
>V4L2_PIX_FMT_UYVY ('UYVY')</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;Variation of
<CODE
CLASS="CONSTANT"
>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUYV</CODE
> with different order of samples
in memory</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="r4629.htm"
>V4L2_PIX_FMT_Y41P ('Y41P')</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;Format with &frac14; horizontal chroma
resolution, also known as YUV 4:1:1</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="r4850.htm"
>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVU420 ('YV12'), V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV420 ('YU12')</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;Planar formats with &frac12; horizontal and
vertical chroma resolution, also known as YUV 4:2:0</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="r5016.htm"
>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVU410 ('YVU9'), V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV410 ('YUV9')</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;Planar formats with &frac14; horizontal and
vertical chroma resolution, also known as YUV 4:1:0</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="r5154.htm"
>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV422P ('422P')</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;Format with &frac12; horizontal chroma resolution,
also known as YUV 4:2:2. Planar layout as opposed to
<CODE
CLASS="CONSTANT"
>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUYV</CODE
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="r5319.htm"
>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YUV411P ('411P')</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;Format with &frac14; horizontal chroma resolution,
also known as YUV 4:1:1. Planar layout as opposed to
<CODE
CLASS="CONSTANT"
>V4L2_PIX_FMT_Y41P</CODE
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="r5470.htm"
>V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV12 ('NV12'), V4L2_PIX_FMT_NV21 ('NV21')</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;Formats with &frac12; horizontal and vertical
chroma resolution, also known as YUV 4:2:0. One luminance and one
chrominance plane with alternating chroma samples as opposed to
<CODE
CLASS="CONSTANT"
>V4L2_PIX_FMT_YVU420</CODE
></DT
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><P
>YUV is the format native to TV broadcast and composite video
signals. It separates the brightness information (Y) from the color
information (U and V or Cb and Cr). The color information consists of
red and blue <SPAN
CLASS="emphasis"
><I
CLASS="EMPHASIS"
>color difference</I
></SPAN
> signals, this way
the green component can be reconstructed by subtracting from the
brightness component. See <A
HREF="x2123.htm"
>Section 2.2</A
> for conversion
examples. YUV was chosen because early television would only transmit
brightness information. To add color in a way compatible with existing
receivers a new signal carrier was added to transmit the color
difference signals. Secondary in the YUV format the U and V components
usually have lower resolution than the Y component. This is an analog
video compression technique taking advantage of a property of the
human visual system, being more sensitive to brightness
information.</P
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